Dr. Ashraf Iqbal, Dr. Sana Haroon, and Mr. Muhammad Hamza Arif, “HATE SPEECH NARRATIVES ON SOCIAL MEDIA DURING THE 2024 PAKISTAN ELECTIONS: A CONTENT ANALYSIS OF FACEBOOK, TWITTER, AND YOUTUBE”, PJSSR, vol. 3, no. 10, pp. 349–363, Oct. 2025.